Estudio establece la relación entre consumo de vegetales con pesticidas y la infertilidad

Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake From Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology

Yu-Han Chiu, MD, ScD^1,2; Paige L. Williams, PhD^2,3; Matthew W. Gillman, MD, SM^4,5; et al Audrey J. Gaskins, ScD^1,6; Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón, PhD⁷; Irene Souter, MD⁸; Thomas L. Toth, MD⁸; Jennifer B. Ford, RN⁷; Russ Hauser, MD, ScD^2,7,8; Jorge E. Chavarro, MD, ScD^1,2,6; for the EARTH Study Team

Author Affiliations Article Information

JAMA Intern Med. Published online October 30, 2017. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5038

Key Points

Question Is there an association between exposure to pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables and pregnancy outcomes?
Findings In a cohort of 325 women undergoing infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technology, intake of high–pesticide residue fruits and vegetables was associated with a lower probability of live birth, while low–pesticide residue fruit and vegetable intake was not associated with this outcome.
Meaning Dietary pesticide exposure within the range of typical human exposure may be associated with adverse reproductive consequences.

Abstract

Importance Animal experiments suggest that ingestion of pesticide mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations decreases the number of live-born offspring. Whether the same is true in humans is unknown.
Objective To examine the association of preconception intake of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables (FVs) with outcomes of infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
Design, Setting, and Participants This analysis included 325 women who completed a diet assessment and subsequently underwent 541 ART cycles in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) prospective cohort study (2007-2016) at a fertility center at a teaching hospital. We categorized FVs as having high or low pesticide residues using a validated method based on surveillance data from the US Department of Agriculture. Cluster-weighted generalized estimating equations were used to analyze associations of high– and low–pesticide residue FV intake with ART outcomes.
Main Outcomes and Measures Adjusted probabilities of clinical pregnancy and live birth per treatment cycle.
Results In the 325 participants (mean [SD] age, 35.1 [4.0] y; body mass index, 24.1 [4.3]), mean (SD) intakes of high– and low–pesticide residue FVs were 1.7 (1.0) and 2.8 (1.6) servings/d, respectively. Greater intake of high–pesticide residue FVs was associated with a lower probability of clinical pregnancy and live birth. Compared with women in the lowest quartile of high-pesticide FV intake (<1 .0="" 13="" 18="" 26="" 5="" and="" art="" birth.="" ci="" clinical="" d="" fvs="" had="" highest="" in="" intake="" live="" low="" lower="" not="" of="" outcomes.="" pesticide="" pregnancy="" probability="" quartile="" related="" residue="" servings="" significantly="" span="" the="" to="" was="" women="">
Conclusions and Relevance Higher consumption of high–pesticide residue FVs was associated with lower probabilities of pregnancy and live birth following infertility treatment with ART. These data suggest that dietary pesticide exposure within the range of typical human exposure may be associated with adverse reproductive consequences.